I'm going to focus mainly on the Imagism movement in this post.
Imagism rose in the early twentieth-century, specifically in 1912, and it was created by Ezra Pound. According to poets.org, Imagism "included English and American poets in the early twentieth-century who wrote free verse..." Imagism was a reaction to "flabby abstract language and careless thinking of Georgian romanticism." According to poetryfoundation.org, it relied on resonance of concrete images drawn in precise, colloquial language, rather than traditional poetic diction. Examples of Imagist poets include William Carlos Williams, Amy Lowell, and Hilda Doolittle (H.D.).
I've found two scholarly sources: the first is titled "The Screenplay, Imagism, and Modern Aesthetics", and the second is titled "Pound's Imagism and the Surreal". I'm going to focus mainly on the second scholarly article that I've found, since that one explains Imagism a little better.
According to the article written by William Skaff, Ezra Pound worked with a Japanese poet named Yone Noguchi played a huge role in Imagism. Pound implies that principles of Imagism relate to those of Surrealism. The article then goes on to explain how Pound relates his reasoning to the psychology of Bertrand Hart. Pound believed that Imagism and Surrealism both used metaphors in the same way, and that both are used to unlock some form of the unconscious.
The use of metaphors in Imagism relate to the unconscious. Images are based on intellectual and emotional complexes, according to Pound. I can understand that, but others might not. Many critics suggest that they don't see the possibility of images representing "a complex through the content of sensory experience" (Skaff 198).
"A Brief Guide to Imagism." Poets.org. Academy of American Poets, n.d. Web. 09 Mar. 2015.
"Glossary Terms." Poetry Foundation. Poetry Foundation, n.d. Web. 15 Mar. 2015.
Skaff, William. Journal of Modern Literature. 12:2. July 1985. (UW-Manitowoc Library resources) Web. 15 Mar. 2015.
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